How Educator-Child Interactions Strengthen Early Literacy

As educators , we know that early literacy is about meaningful conversations, storytelling, and deep engagement with language. The Early Years Learning Framework (EYLF) emphasises the importance of language-rich interactions, yet research shows that sometime we still rely on rote-based questioning and closed responses, limiting children’s opportunities for true literacy development​.

So how can we, as educators, create stronger literacy learning environments? The answer lies in how we talk with children, not just at them.

Are We Missing Opportunities for Literacy Growth?

Sometimes we unknowingly limit children's literacy growth by relying on closed questions, such as "What letter is this?" or "What colour is the apple?"—which only require one-word answers and fail to encourage deeper engagement. Additionally, not allowing enough wait time after posing a question prevents children from forming more complex responses, a key factor in developing early literacy skills. Conversations that focus solely on labeling and reciting rather than encouraging meaning-making and critical thinking can restrict opportunities for vocabulary expansion, comprehension, and cognitive growth.

To build a truly language-rich learning environment, educators need to implement strategies that foster open-ended discussions, promote extended conversations, and strengthen early literacy skills.

EYLF Strategies to Strengthen Literacy in Early Childhood

Embedding effective literacy strategies in early childhood education is key to fostering strong language skills, phonemic awareness, and comprehension. One of the most impactful methods is using open-ended questions to encourage deeper thinking and conversation. Instead of asking "Is this a dog?", try "What do you notice about this animal? How do you think it moves?"—this prompts longer sentences, reasoning skills, and vocabulary development.

Another powerful approach is sustained shared thinking, where teachers and children engage in back-and-forth discussions to deepen literacy learning. For example, during a reading session, instead of simply identifying letters, teachers can ask, "This is the letter 'B.' Can we think of words that start with 'B'?", encouraging phonemic awareness and word play.

Interactive storytelling also strengthens early literacy by making reading more engaging. Asking prediction questions like "What do you think will happen next?", or encouraging children to retell stories in their own words, enhances comprehension, sequencing, and expressive language. Beyond structured learning, literacy can be seamlessly embedded into everyday routines. Simple questions like "Can you count how many grapes you have?" during snack time, or "What comes first—shoes or socks?" while getting dressed, help children recognise literacy as part of their daily experiences.

Building Confident Young Readers & Communicators

Embedding high-quality, language-rich interactions into daily routines is key to fostering early literacy success. When educators incorporate engaging discussions, open-ended questions, and sustained shared thinking, children naturally develop phonemic awareness, expand their vocabulary, and improve their reading comprehension skills. These meaningful interactions not only enhance literacy development but also prepare children for school success by building a strong foundation in language and communication.

At Yaga Smart, we support educators in implementing high-impact literacy strategies aligned with EYLF and NQS, helping to create engaging, responsive learning environments. For more information https://www.yagasmart.com.au/services

References:

Australian Government Department of Education. (2022). Belonging, being & becoming: The early years learning framework for Australia (Version 2.0). Australian Government. Retrieved from https://www.acecqa.gov.au/sites/default/files/2023-01/EYLF-2022-V2.0.pdf

Justice, L. M., & Pullen, P. C. (2003). Enhancing Phonological Awareness, Print Awareness, and Oral Language Skills in Preschool Children. Early Childhood Research & Practice, 5(2). https://www.speech-language-therapy.com/pdf/papers/pullenjustice2003.pdf

Community Early Learning Australia (CELA). (2024, February). How language skills shape literacy: Practical strategies for early educators. Amplify! Blog. https://www.cela.org.au/publications/amplify!-blog/february-2024/language-skills-shape-literacy